Variable definitions end ========================*/ /** * Eric Meyer's Reset CSS v2.0 http://meyerweb.com/eric/tools/css/reset/ * http://cssreset.com */ html,body,div,span,applet,object,iframe,h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6,p,blockquote,pre,a,abbr,acronym,address,big,cite,code,del,dfn,em,img,ins,kbd,q,s,samp,small,strike,strong,sub,sup,tt,var,b,u,i,center,dl,dt,dd,ol,ul,li,fieldset,form,label,legend,table,caption,tbody,tfoot,thead,tr,th,td,article,aside,canvas,details,embed,figure,figcaption,footer,header,hgroup,menu,nav,output,ruby,section,summary,time,mark,audio,video{margin:0;padding:0;border:0;/*font-size:100%;*/font:inherit;vertical-align:baseline;} /* HTML5 display-role reset for older browsers */ article,aside,details,figcaption,figure,footer,header,hgroup,menu,nav,section{display:block;}body{line-height:1;display:block;}*{margin:0;padding:0;}html{display:block;}blockquote,q{quotes:none;}blockquote::before,blockquote::after,q::before,q::after{content:'';content:none;}table{border-collapse:collapse;border-spacing:0;} /* Blogger CSS Reset */ .section,.widget{margin:0 0 0 0;padding:0 0 0 0;} .navbar,.blog-feeds,.feed-links,#backlinks-container,a.home-link,.blog-mobile-link{display:none;} .quickedit,.edit-post,.item-control{display:none;} .post-body .separator > a, .post-body .separator > span {margin-left: 0 !important;} /* FRAMEWORK */ strong,b{font-weight:bold;} cite,em,i{font-style:italic;} a:link{color:$(body.link.color);text-decoration:none;outline:none;} a:visited{color:$(body.link.color);text-decoration:none;} a:hover{color:$(body.link.hover.color);text-decoration:underline;} a img{border:none;border-width:0;outline:none;} abbr,acronym{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help;} sup,sub{vertical-align:baseline;position:relative;top:-.4rem;font-size:86%;} sub{top:.4rem;}small{font-size:86%;} kbd{font-size:80%;border:1px solid #777;padding:2px 5px;border-bottom-width:2px;border-radius:4px;} mark{background-color:#ffce00;color:black;} p,blockquote,pre,table,figure,hr,form,ol,ul,dl{margin:0 0 1.5rem;} hr{height:1px;border:none;background-color:#666;} h1{font-size:1.8rem} h2{font-size:1.6rem} h3{font-size:1.4rem} h4{font-size:1.2rem} h5{font-size:1rem} h6{font-size:0.9rem} /* heading */ h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6 { margin: 0 0 0.6rem; font-weight: bold; } /* list */ ol,ul,dl{margin: .8rem 0rem .8rem 3rem} li{margin: .5rem 0} dt{font-weight: bold} dd{margin: 0 0 .5rem 2rem} /* form */ input,button,select,textarea{font:inherit;font-size:100%;line-height:normal;vertical-align:baseline;} textarea{display:block;-webkit-box-sizing:border-box;-moz-box-sizing:border-box;box-sizing:border-box;} /* code & blockquote */ pre,code{font-family:"Courier New",Courier,Monospace;color:inherit;font-size:.9rem} pre{white-space:pre;word-wrap:normal;overflow:auto;} blockquote{background:rgba(0,0,0,0.025);margin:1.5em 2em;padding:1em 1em;font-style:italic;font-size:105%;} blockquote::before { content: "\275D"; font-size: 1.8rem; text-decoration: inherit; padding-right: 10px; color: inherit; line-height: 1rem; } /* table */ table[border="1"] td, table[border="1"] th { vertical-align: top; text-align: left; font-size: 13px; padding: 3px 5px; border: 1px solid #f6f6f6; } table[border="1"] th { background: #eee; } table, img { max-width: 100%; height: auto; } iframe { max-width: 100%; } td.tr-caption { font-size: .8rem; opacity: 0.8; } .clear { clear: both; } .clear::after { visibility: hidden; display: block; font-size: 0; content: " "; clear: both; height: 0; } /* TRANSISI */ a:link, .label-count, #cssmenu ul ul li, #cssmenu > ul > li.has-sub > a::before, #cssmenu ul ul li.has-sub > a::before, .berlangganan-box input.submit-email[type="submit"], .berlangganan-box input.email-address[type="text"] { transition: all 0.2s; -moz-transition: all 0.2s; -webkit-transition: all 0.2s; } .lazyload, .lazyloading { opacity: 0; } .lazyloaded { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 300ms; } .related-post-style-3 .related-post-item { transition: opacity 0.2s linear; } .label-info-th a, .info-1, h2.post-title, .post-snippet, .sidebar-sticky { transition: all .2s linear; -o-transition: all .2s linear; -moz-transition: all .2s linear; -webkit-transition: all .2s linear; } .img-thumbnail, .img-thumbnail img { transition: width .2s linear; -o-transition: width .2s linear; -moz-transition: width .2s linear; -webkit-transition: width .2s linear; } #searchfs input[type="search"], h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6 { transition: font-size .2s linear; -o-transition: font-size .2s linear; -moz-transition: font-size .2s linear; -webkit-transition: font-size .2s linear; } .img-thumbnail, .img-thumbnail img, .FeaturedPost .post-summary, .FeaturedPost .image, .PopularPosts .item-thumbnail, .PopularPosts .widget-content ul li img, .Profile .widget-content, .PopularPosts .widget-content ul, .list-label-widget-content ul, .label-info-th a, .displaypageNum a, .showpage a, .pagecurrent, #blog-pager-newer-link a, #blog-pager-older-link a, .Profile .profile-link, .label-size, .berlangganan-box, #baca-juga, #baca-juga h2, .related-post-item-thumbnail, #baca-juga ul, .PopularPosts ul li .item-thumbnail-only::before, .PopularPosts ul li .item-content::before, .PopularPosts ul li > a::before, blockquote { border-radius: 4px; } #share a:first-child { border-radius: 3px 0 0 3px; } #share a:last-child { border-radius: 0 3px 3px 0; } body { background: $(body.background); margin: 0 0 0 0; padding: 0 0 0 0; color: $(body.text.color); font: $(page.text.font); text-align: left; } /* WRAPPER */ #wrapper { background: $(posts.background.color); max-width: 1000px; margin: 0 auto; padding: 70px 30px 30px; overflow: hidden; } /* HEADER */ #header-container { background: $(header.background.kiri); background: linear-gradient(to right, $(header.background.kiri), $(header.background.kanan)); position: absolute; top: 0; left: 0; right: 0; width: 100%; z-index: 999; height: 48px; } #header-wrapper { max-width: 1000px; margin: 0 auto; position: relative; } .header { max-width: 400px; float: left; margin-right: 28px; overflow: hidden; white-space: nowrap; text-overflow: ellipsis; } .header h1.title, .header p.title { font: $(header.font); color: $(header.title.color); margin: 0; text-transform: uppercase; line-height: 50px; } .header .description { color: $(header.title.color); margin: -10px 0 4px 0; padding: 0; font-size: 0.7em; display: none; } .header a, .header a:hover { color: $(header.title.color); text-decoration: none; } .header img { display: block; width: auto; margin: 10px 0; max-height: 28px; } /* POST WRAPPER */ .post-container { padding-right: 25px; } #post-wrapper { background: transparent; float: left; width: 70%; max-width: 700px; } .breadcrumbs { font-size: 0.9rem !important; color: $(post.footer.color); margin-bottom: 20px; } .breadcrumbs a { color: $(post.footer.color); } .post { margin-bottom: 30px; } .post-body { line-height: 1.65em; text-align: left; word-wrap: break-word; } h2.post-title, h1.post-title { font: $(post.title.font); } h1.post-title { font-size: 30px; margin-bottom: 15px; } h2.post-title { margin-bottom: 10px; } h2.post-title a, h1.post-title a, h2.post-title, h1.post-title { color: $(posts.title.color); line-height: 1.425em; } h2.post-title a:hover, h1.post-title a:hover { color: $(post.title.hover.color); text-decoration: none; } .img-thumbnail { position: relative; float: left; width: 255px; height: 152px; margin-top: 3px; overflow: hidden; } .img-thumbnail img { width: 100%; display: block; } .label-info-th { display: block; z-index: 2; position: relative; margin-bottom: 10px; height: 32px; overflow: hidden; } .label-line, .label-line-c { position:relative; } .label-line-c { text-align: center; margin-bottom: 20px; } .label-line::before, .label-line-c::before { background: $(label.bg.color); z-index: 1; content: ""; width: 100%; height: 2px; position: absolute; top: 50%; left: 0; } .label-info-th a { color: $(label.color); background: $(label.bg.color); display: inline-block; padding: 8px 12px; margin: 1px 0; font-size: 13px; font-weight: 500; } .label-info-th a:hover { color: $(label.hover.color); } .post-info { color: $(post.footer.color); font: $(post.footer.font); line-height: 1.6em; } .post-snippet b, .post-snippet strong, .post-snippet i, .post-snippet em { font-weight: normal; font-style: normal; } .info-1 { margin-top: 10px; } .info-3 { margin-bottom: 1.6em; } .post-info a { display: inline-block; color: inherit; } .post-info a:hover { color: $(body.link.color); } .comment-info::before, .time-info::before, .label-info::before { content: "\2014"; padding: 0 2px; } .edit-post a { color: $(body.link.color); } .edit-post a:hover { color: $(body.link.hover.color); } .edit-post::before { content: "-"; padding: 0 2px; } /* AUTHOR POST PROFILE */ .author-profile { overflow: hidden; margin: 30px 0; line-height: 1.5; } .author-profile img { width: 75px; border: none; float: left; margin-right: 15px; border-radius: 46px; } .author-profile > span { font-size: 14px; opacity: 0.8; } .author-profile a.g-profile { font-weight: bold; color: $(body.link.hover.color); font-size: 18px; margin-bottom: 5px; display: inline-block; } .author-profile a.g-profile:hover { color: $(body.link.color); } /* SIDEBAR WIDGET */ #sidebar-wrapper { background:transparent; float:right; width:30%; max-width:300px; margin:0 auto; } .sidebar h2, .sidebar-sticky h2, .latest-post-title h2, .above-post-widget h2, .comments h3 { font: $(widget.title.font); margin-bottom: 20px; padding: 0px 0px 5px; color: $(widget.title.color); display: inline-block; text-transform: uppercase; } .sidebar h2::after { content: ""; } .section:last-child .widget:last-child, .sidebar .widget, .sidebar-sticky .widget, .above-post-widget .widget, .bellow-header-widget .widget{ margin:0 0 30px; clear:both; } .sidebar ul, .sidebar ol, .sidebar-sticky ul, .sidebar-sticky ol { list-style-type:none; margin: 0; padding: 0; } .sidebar li, .sidebar-sticky li { margin:5px 0; padding: 0; } .sidebar-sticky { z-index: 9; } .sidebar .widget-content::after, .sidebar-sticky .widget-content::after, .sidebar .widget-content::before, .sidebar-sticky .widget-content::before { content: ""; display: table; table-layout: fixed; clear: both; } .bellow-header-widget { text-align: center; } .bellow-header-widget h2 { display: none; } .bellow-header-widget .widget { overflow: hidden; } .bellow-header-widget img, .bellow-header-widget iframe{ max-width: 100%; border: none; overflow: hidden; } /* CUSTOM WIDGET */ .widget-item-control { float: right; height: 20px; margin-top: -20px; position: relative; z-index: 10 } .widget-item-control a { opacity: .5 } .widget-item-control a:hover { opacity: 1 } .widget .widget-item-control a img { border: none; padding: 0 ; background: none; -moz-box-shadow: none; -webkit-box-shadow: none; -ie-box-shadow: none; box-shadow: none } .widget ul { line-height:1.4em; } /* GSC */ .gsc-search-box-tools .gsc-search-box .gsc-input { margin: 3px 0 !important; } .gsib_a { padding: 0px 6px 0 !important; } .cse .gsc-search-button-v2, .gsc-search-button-v2 { padding: 9px 27px !important; } /* Label */ .label-size-1,.label-size-2,.label-size-3,.label-size-4,.label-size-5 { font-size:100%; opacity:10 } .cloud-label-widget-content { text-align:left } .label-size { background: $(label.bg.color); transition: all 0.25s; -moz-transition: all 0.25s; -webkit-transition: all 0.25s; line-height:1.2; display: block; float: left; margin: 0 3px 3px 0; color: $(body.link.color); font-size: 13px; } .label-size a,.label-size span{ display: inline-block; color: $(label.color); padding: 8px 12px; } .label-count { margin-left: -12px; margin-right: 0px; } .list-label-widget-content ul { font-size: .9rem; -moz-column-count: 2; -moz-column-gap: 8px; -webkit-column-count: 2; -webkit-column-gap: 8px; column-count: 2; column-gap: 8px; } .list-label-widget-content ul li { padding-bottom: 5px; margin: 0 0; padding-top: 5px; } .bellow-header-widget .cloud-label-widget-content { } .bellow-header-widget .cloud-label-widget-content .label-size { font-weight: bold; } .bellow-header-widget .cloud-label-widget-content .label-size a, .bellow-header-widget .cloud-label-widget-content .label-size span { padding: 15px 20px; } /* Feed */ .Feed ul li { display: block; margin: 0 0 10px; } .Feed ul li:last-child { margin-bottom: 10px; } .Feed .item-date, .Feed .item-author { color: #999; } .Feed .item-title { font-weight: bold; } /* Popular Posts */ .PopularPosts .widget-content ul, .PopularPosts .widget-content ul li { margin: 0 0; padding: 0 0; list-style:none; border:none; outline:none; } .PopularPosts .widget-content ul { margin: 0; list-style:none; counter-reset:num; } .PopularPosts .widget-content ul li img { display: block; width: 70px; height: 70px; float: left; } .PopularPosts .widget-content ul li { margin: 0 0 20px; counter-increment: num; position: relative; } .PopularPosts ul li:last-child { margin-bottom: 0px; } .PopularPosts ul li .item-thumbnail-only::before, .PopularPosts ul li .item-content::before, .PopularPosts ul li > a::before { color: $(body.link.color) !important; } .PopularPosts ul li .item-thumbnail-only::after, .PopularPosts ul li .item-content::after, .PopularPosts ul li > a::after { } .PopularPosts .item-title { line-height: 1.6; margin-right: 8px; min-height: 40px; font-weight: bold; } .PopularPosts .item-thumbnail { float: left; margin-right: 10px; } .PopularPosts .item-snippet { line-height: 1.6em; font-size: 14px; margin-top: 8px; opacity: 0.925; } .PopularPosts ul li > a { font-weight: bold; } /* Featured Post */ .FeaturedPost .post-summary { background: #f7f7f7; position: relative; padding: 0; min-height: 190px; max-height: 450px; overflow: hidden; } .FeaturedPost .post-summary h3 { font: $(post.title.font); position: absolute; bottom: 58px; z-index: 1; font-size: 28px; margin: 0 15px; } .FeaturedPost .post-summary h3::after { content:""; position:absolute; top:-0.25em; right:100%; bottom:-0.25em; width:0.25em; } .FeaturedPost .post-summary h3 a { color: $(jwfp.color); background: $(jwfp.background.color); padding: 3px 8px; -webkit-box-decoration-break: clone; -o-box-decoration-break: clone; box-decoration-break: clone; } .FeaturedPost .post-summary h3 a:hover { color: $(post.title.hover.color); text-decoration: none; } .FeaturedPost .post-summary p { position: absolute; background: $(jwfp.background.color); color: $(jwfp.color); padding: 3px 8px; bottom: 15px; margin: 0 15px; overflow: hidden; text-overflow: ellipsis; white-space: nowrap; width: 90%; -webkit-box-sizing: border-box; -moz-box-sizing: border-box; box-sizing: border-box; } .FeaturedPost .image { display: block; } .sidebar .FeaturedPost .post-summary h3 { font-size: 16px; } /* Profile */ .Profile .widget-content { background: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.03); text-align: center; padding: 30px; margin: 0 auto; max-width: 300px; } .Profile .profile-img { border-radius: 50%; float: none; } .Profile .profile-name-link { color: $(body.text.color); font-size: .9em; opacity: 1; overflow: hidden; } .Profile .profile-name-link:hover { color: $(body.link.color); } .Profile .profile-link { border-style: solid; border-width: 1px; cursor: pointer; font-size: 14px; padding: 5px 15px; display: inline-block; line-height: normal; } .profile-textblock { margin: .8em 0; font-size: 14px; line-height: 1.5em; } .profile-img { float: left; display:inline; opacity:10; margin:0 6px 3px 0; } .profile-data { margin: 0; } .profile-datablock { margin: .5em 0; } .profile-name-link { background: no-repeat left top; box-sizing: border-box; display: inline-block; max-width: 100%; min-height: 20px; padding-left: 20px; } /* Archive */ #ArchiveList .toggle { cursor: pointer; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; margin-right: 10px; } #ArchiveList .toggle-open { _font-size: 1.7em; line-height: .6em; } #ArchiveList { text-align: left; } #ArchiveList a.post-count-link, #ArchiveList a.post-count-link:link, #ArchiveList a.post-count-link:visited { text-decoration: none; } #ArchiveList a.toggle, #ArchiveList a.toggle:link, #ArchiveList a.toggle:visited, #ArchiveList a.toggle:hover { color: #a0a0a0; text-decoration: none; } .BlogArchive #ArchiveList ul li { background: none; list-style: none; list-style-image: none; list-style-position: outside; border-width: 0; padding-left: 15px; padding-top: 3px; padding-bottom: 3px; text-indent: -15px; margin: .25em 0; background-image: none; } .BlogArchive #ArchiveList ul ul li { padding-left: 1.2em; } .BlogArchive #ArchiveList ul { margin: 0; padding: 0; list-style: none; list-style-image: none; border-width: 0; } .BlogArchive #ArchiveList ul.posts li { padding-left: 1.3em; } #ArchiveList .collapsed ul { display: none; } /* Artikel Terbaru */ .artikel-terbaru ul li { padding-bottom: 8px; margin-bottom: 8px; font-weight: bold; } .LinkList ul li, .PageList ul li { padding: 6px 0px; } .artikel-terbaru ul li::before, .list-label-widget-content ul li::before, .LinkList ul li::before, .PageList ul li::before { content: " "; background: $(body.link.color); width: 8px; height: 8px; display: inline-block; border-radius: 4px; vertical-align: middle; margin-right: 3px; opacity: .7; } /* SUBSCRIBER BOX */ .berlangganan-box { background: $(header.background.kiri); background: linear-gradient(to right, $(header.background.kiri), $(header.background.kanan)); color: $(header.title.color); padding: 15px; margin: 20px 0; text-align: center; } .berlangganan-box p { margin:15px 0; } .berlangganan-box input.email-address[type="text"] { width: 60%; padding: 10px; text-align: center; border-radius: 2px; border: none; outline: none; } .berlangganan-box input.submit-email[type="submit"] { background: #fff; padding: 10px 15px; border-radius: 2px; color: $(body.text.color); border: none; outline: none; } .berlangganan-box input.submit-email[type="submit"]:hover { background: $(body.text.color); color: #fff; cursor: pointer; } .berlangganan-box input.email-address[type="text"]:focus { background: #fffcd2; } /* Back to top */ #back-to-top { background: $(backtp.background.color); color: $(backtp.color); padding: 6px 8px; font-size:24px; border-radius: 22px; } .back-to-top { position: fixed !important; position: absolute; bottom: 25px; right: 20px; z-index: 998; } .back-to-top svg { width:24px; height:24px; vertical-align: middle; margin-top: -5px; } .back-to-top svg path { fill: $(backtp.color); } /* Share button */ .share-this-pleaseeeee { display: inline-block; margin: 0; color: inherit; text-transform: uppercase; font-size: 16px; background: $(posts.background.color); z-index: 1; position: relative; padding: 0 10px; font-weight: bold; margin-top: 3px; } #share-container { margin: 20px auto 30px; overflow: hidden; } #share { width: 100%; text-align: center; } #share a { width: 25%; height: 40px; display: block; font-size: 24px; color: #fff; transition: opacity 0.15s linear; float: left; } #share a:hover { opacity: 0.8; } #share a svg { width:24px; height:24px; margin-top: 7px; } #share a svg path { fill: #ffffff; } .facebook { background: #3b5998; } .twitter { background: #55acee; } .linkedin { background: #0077b5; } .pinterest { background: #cb2027; } .whatsapp { background: #25d366; } /* Status Msg */ .status-msg-wrap { width: 90%; margin: 0 auto 15px; position: relative; } .status-msg-border { border: none; filter: alpha(opacity=40); -moz-opacity: .4; opacity: .4; width: 100%; position: relative; } .status-msg-bg { background-color: transparent; opacity: .8; filter: alpha(opacity=30); -moz-opacity: .8; width: 100%; position: relative; z-index: 1; } .status-msg-body { text-align: center; padding: .3em 0; width: 100%; position: absolute; z-index: 4; } .status-msg-hidden { visibility: hidden; padding: .3em 0; } .status-msg-wrap a { padding-left: .4em; } /* SLOT IKLAN */ .iklan-tengah1 .widget, .iklan-tengah2 .widget, .iklan-bawah .widget, .iklan-atas .widget, .iklan-tengah1 .widget-content, .iklan-tengah2 .widget-content, .iklan-bawah .widget-content, .iklan-atas .widget-content { margin:0 !important; } .iklan-tengah1 h2, .iklan-tengah2 h2, .iklan-bawah h2, .iklan-atas h2 { display: none; } .post-body .widget-content { text-align: center; margin: 0.8em 0 0.8em; display: block; } .post-body .widget-content:blank { margin: 0 0; } /* PAGE NAVIGATION */ #blog-pager { clear:both !important; overflow: hidden; padding:2px 0; text-align: center; } #blog-pager-newer-link a { float:left; display:block; } #blog-pager-older-link a { float:right; display:block; } .displaypageNum a,.showpage a,.pagecurrent, #blog-pager-newer-link a, #blog-pager-older-link a { font: $(navpage.font); padding: 8px 12px; margin: 2px 3px 2px 0px; display: inline-block; background: $(navpage.bg); color: $(navpage.color); } #blog-pager-older-link a:hover, #blog-pager-newer-link a:hover, a.home-link:hover, .displaypageNum a:hover,.showpage a:hover, .pagecurrent { background: $(navpage.bg.hover); color: $(navpage.hover.color); } .showpageOf { display: none !important; } #blog-pager .pages { border: none; } /* FOOTER NAV MENU */ #footer-navmenu { background: $(navmenufooter.bg); padding: 25px 0px; font: $(navmenufooter.font); color: $(navmenufooter.color); } #footer-navmenu-container { max-width: 1000px; margin: 0 auto; text-align: center; } #footer-navmenu ul { list-style: none; margin: 0; } #footer-navmenu ul li { display: inline-block; margin: 6px 0; } #footer-navmenu ul li::after { content:" \00B7"; } #footer-navmenu ul li:last-child::after { content:""; } #footer-navmenu ul li a { color: $(navmenufooter.color); margin: 0 13px; } #footer-navmenu ul li a:hover { color: $(navmenufooter.hover.color); } /* FOOTER WIDGET */ #footer-widget-container { background: $(footerwidget.bg.color); font-size: 18px; } .footer-widget { max-width: 1000px; margin: 0 auto; text-align: center; } /* SOCIAL ICON */ ul.nav-social { list-style: none; margin: 0; padding: 20px 0px; } ul.nav-social li { display: inline-block; padding: 0px 15px; margin: 0; } ul.nav-social li a svg { width: 40px; height: 40px } @media screen and (max-width:480px) { ul.nav-social li a svg { width: 30px; height: 30px } } ul.nav-social li a svg path { fill: $(footerwidget.color); } ul.nav-social li a:hover { fill: #555; } ul.nav-social li a.fb-s:hover svg path { fill: #3B5A9B; } ul.nav-social li a.tw-s:hover svg path { fill: #1BB2E9; } ul.nav-social li a.yt-s:hover svg path { fill: #ED3F41; } ul.nav-social li a.ig-s:hover svg path { fill: #527fa4; } ul.nav-social li a.ld-s:hover svg path { fill: #0271AE; } /* SEARCH FORM */ .search-icon { position: absolute; top: 11px; right: 0px; font-size: 19px; } .search-icon a { color: $(search.icon.color); } .search-icon svg { width: 24px; height: 24px } .search-icon path { fill: $(search.icon.color); } #searchfs { position: fixed; z-index:9999; top: 0px; left: 0px; width: 100%; height: 100%; background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.85); -webkit-transition: all 0.1s ease-in-out; -moz-transition: all 0.1s ease-in-out; -o-transition: all 0.1s ease-in-out; -ms-transition: all 0.1s ease-in-out; transition: all 0.1s ease-in-out; -webkit-transform: translate(0px, -100%) scale(0, 0); -moz-transform: translate(0px, -100%) scale(0, 0); -o-transform: translate(0px, -100%) scale(0, 0); -ms-transform: translate(0px, -100%) scale(0, 0); transform: translate(0px, -100%) scale(0, 0); opacity: 0; } #searchfs.open { -webkit-transform: translate(0px, 0px) scale(1, 1); -moz-transform: translate(0px, 0px) scale(1, 1); -o-transform: translate(0px, 0px) scale(1, 1); -ms-transform: translate(0px, 0px) scale(1, 1); transform: translate(0px, 0px) scale(1, 1); opacity: 1; z-index: 9999; } #searchfs input[type="search"] { position: absolute; top: 50%; left: 0; margin-top: -51px; width: 70%; margin-left: 15%; color: rgb(255, 255, 255); background: transparent; border-top: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, .8); border-bottom: 2px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, .5); border-left: 0px solid transparent; border-right: 0px solid transparent; font-size: 40px; text-align: center; outline: none; padding: 10px; } #searchfs .close { position: fixed; bottom: 50%; right: 50%; color: #fff; background-color: transparent; opacity: 0.8; font-size: 40px; border: none; outline: none; margin-bottom: 60px; margin-right: -10px; } #searchfs .close:hover { cursor: pointer; } /* NAV MENU */ #cssmenu, #cssmenu ul, #cssmenu ul li, #cssmenu ul li a, #cssmenu #head-mobile { border: 0; list-style: none; line-height: 1; display: block; -webkit-box-sizing: border-box; -moz-box-sizing: border-box; box-sizing: border-box; } #cssmenu ul li a { position: relative; } #cssmenu #head-mobile { position: relative; } #cssmenu { text-align: left; } #cssmenu ul { margin: 0; display: block; height: 48px; } #cssmenu #head-mobile { display: none; position: relative; } #cssmenu > ul > li { float: left; margin: 0; } #cssmenu > ul > li > a { padding: 0 17px; font: $(navmenu.font); line-height: 48px; letter-spacing: 0.8px; text-decoration: none; text-transform: uppercase; color: $(navmenu.font.color); } #cssmenu > ul > li:hover > a, #cssmenu ul li.active a { color: $(navmenu.font.hover.color); } #cssmenu > ul > li:hover, #cssmenu ul li.active:hover, #cssmenu ul li.active, #cssmenu ul li.has-sub.active:hover { background: rgba(64,64,64,0.1); -webkit-transition: background .2s ease; -ms-transition: background .2s ease; transition: background .2s ease; } #cssmenu ul li.has-sub { position: relative; } #cssmenu > ul > li.has-sub > a::after, #cssmenu ul ul li.has-sub > a::after { content: ""; border-color: $(navmenu.font.color) transparent transparent; border-style: solid; border-width: 4px; height: 0px; width: 0px; display: inline-block; vertical-align: middle; margin-left: 6px; margin-bottom: -2px; } #cssmenu ul ul li.has-sub > a::after { content: ""; border-color: transparent transparent transparent $(navsubmenu.font.color); margin-bottom: 0px; } #cssmenu ul ul { height: auto; position: absolute; left: -9999px; z-index: 1; -webkit-box-shadow: 0 2px 8px 0 rgba(0,0,0,0.15); box-shadow: 0 2px 8px 0 rgba(0,0,0,0.15); opacity: 0; transform: translateY(-2em); transition: all 0.3s ease-in-out 0s; } #cssmenu li:hover > ul { left: auto; opacity: 1; transform: translateY(0%); transition-delay: 0s, 0s, 0.3s; } #cssmenu ul ul li { background: $(navsubmenu.font.background); margin: 0; } #cssmenu ul ul li:hover { background: $(navsubmenu.hover); } #cssmenu ul ul ul{ margin-left: 100%; top: 0 } #cssmenu ul ul li a { font: $(navsubmenu.font); border-bottom: 1px solid rgba(150,150,150,0.15); padding: 0 17px; line-height: 36px; max-width: 100%; text-decoration: none; color: $(navsubmenu.font.color); white-space: nowrap; text-overflow: ellipsis; overflow: hidden; } #cssmenu ul ul li:last-child > a,#cssmenu ul ul li.last-item > a { border-bottom: 0 } #cssmenu ul ul li.has-sub:hover, #cssmenu ul li.has-sub ul li.has-sub ul li:hover { background: $(navsubmenu.hover); } @media screen and (min-width:801px){ #cssmenu ul { display: block !important; } } @media screen and (max-width:800px){ #cssmenu { float: none; } #cssmenu ul { background: $(navsubmenu.font.background); width: 100%; display: none; height: auto; -webkit-box-shadow: 0 2px 8px 0 rgba(0,0,0,0.15); box-shadow: 0 2px 8px 0 rgba(0,0,0,0.15); } #cssmenu > ul { max-height: calc(100vh - 48px); overflow-y: auto; } #cssmenu ul ul { -webkit-box-shadow: none; box-shadow: none; display:none; opacity: 1; transform: translateY(0%); transition: unset; } #cssmenu li:hover > ul { transition-delay: 0s, 0s, 0s; } #cssmenu ul li { width: 100%; border-top: 1px solid rgba(150,150,150,0.15); background: $(navsubmenu.font.background); } #cssmenu > ul > li:hover, #cssmenu ul li.active:hover, #cssmenu ul li.active, #cssmenu ul li.has-sub.active:hover { background: $(navsubmenu.hover); } #cssmenu > ul > li:hover > a, #cssmenu ul li.active a { color: $(navsubmenu.font.color); } #cssmenu ul ul li a { padding: 0 25px; } #cssmenu ul li a, #cssmenu ul ul li a { width: 100%; border-bottom: 0; color: $(navsubmenu.font.color); } #cssmenu > ul > li { float: none; position: relative; } #cssmenu ul ul li.has-sub ul li a { padding-left: 35px } #cssmenu ul ul, #cssmenu ul ul ul { position: relative; left: 0; width: 100%; margin: 0; text-align: left } #cssmenu > ul > li.has-sub > a::after, #cssmenu ul ul > li.has-sub > a::after { display: none } #cssmenu #head-mobile { display: block; padding: 24px; color: #fff; font-size: 12px; font-weight: bold } .button { width: 25px; height: 20px; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 14px; cursor: pointer; z-index: 2; outline: none; } .mline1, .mline2, .mline3 { position: absolute; left: 0; display: block; height: 3px; width: 22px; background: $(search.icon.color); content:''; border-radius: 5px; transition: all 0.2s; } .mline1 { top: 0; } .mline2 { top: 7px; } .mline3 { top: 14px; } .button.menu-opened .mline1 { top: 8px; border: 0; height: 3px; width: 22px; background: $(navmenu.font.color); -webkit-transform: rotate(45deg); -moz-transform: rotate(45deg); -ms-transform: rotate(45deg); -o-transform: rotate(45deg); transform: rotate(45deg) } .button.menu-opened .mline2 { top: 8px; background: $(navmenu.font.color); width: 22px; -webkit-transform: rotate(-45deg); -moz-transform: rotate(-45deg); -ms-transform: rotate(-45deg); -o-transform: rotate(-45deg); transform: rotate(-45deg) } .button.menu-opened .mline3 { display: none; height:0; } #cssmenu .submenu-button { position: absolute; z-index: 99; right: 0; top: 0; cursor: pointer; } #cssmenu .submenu-button::after { content: ""; border-color: $(navsubmenu.font.color) transparent transparent; border-style: solid; border-width: 4px; height: 0px; width: 0px; display: inline-block; vertical-align: middle; margin: 20px 20px 14px; } #cssmenu ul ul .submenu-button::after { margin: 16px 20px 12px; } #cssmenu ul ul ul li.active a{ border-left: none } #cssmenu > ul > li.has-sub > ul > li.active > a,#cssmenu > ul ul > li.has-sub > ul > li.active > a{ border-top: none } } /* FOOTER */ #footer-container { background: $(footer.background.color); padding: 20px 5px; overflow: hidden; color: $(footer.color); font-size: 12px; text-align: center; } #footer-wrapper { max-width: 1000px; margin: 0 auto; } #footer-wrapper a { color: $(footer.body.link.color); } #footer-wrapper a:hover { color: $(footer.hover.color); } /* BACA JUGA */ #baca-juga { display: none; } .post-body #baca-juga { display: block; overflow: hidden; } .post-body .baca-juga-wrap { max-width: 75%; margin: 1em 0 1.6em 2em; font-size: 0.9rem; } #baca-juga h2 { font-size: 15px; text-transform: uppercase; } #baca-juga a { font-weight: bold; display: block; padding: 0; } #baca-juga ul { margin: 0 0 0 20px; } #baca-juga li { padding: 0px; margin: .8rem 0; } /* RELATED POSTS */ .related-post { margin: 30px auto 0; overflow: hidden; } .related-post h4 { background: $(posts.background.color); position:relative; margin: 0; display: inline-block; font-weight: bold; color: $(label.color); text-transform: uppercase; font-size: 16px; z-index: 1; padding: 0 10px; margin-top: 3px; } .related-post ul { padding: 0 !important; font-size: 14px; } /* Style 3 */ .related-post-style-3, .related-post-style-3 li { margin: 0; padding: 0; list-style: none; word-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; } .related-post-style-3 .related-post-item { float: left; width: 23.5%; height: auto; margin-right: 2%; margin-bottom: 10px; } .related-post-style-3 .related-post-item:nth-of-type(4n+0) { margin-right: 0; } .related-post-style-3 .related-post-item:nth-of-type(4n+1) { clear: both; } .related-post-style-3 .related-post-item:hover { opacity: 0.7; } .related-post-style-3 .related-post-item-thumbnail { display: block; max-height: none; background-color: transparent; border: none; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .related-post-style-3 .related-post-item-title { color: $(body.text.color); } .related-post-style-3 .related-post-item-tooltip { padding: 15px 0; } .related-post-item-tooltip .related-post-item-title { font-weight: bold; display: block; } @media only screen and (max-width:480px){ .related-post-style-3 .related-post-item { width: 48%; margin-right: 4%; } .related-post-style-3 .related-post-item:nth-of-type(2n+0) { margin-right: 0; } .related-post-style-3 .related-post-item:nth-of-type(2n+1) { clear: both; } } .contact-form-widget { } .contact-form-success-message, .contact-form-error-message { background: #f9edbe; border: 0 solid #f0c36d; font-size: 14px; text-align: center; max-width: 500px; border-radius: 3px; } .contact-form-success-message-with-border, .contact-form-error-message-with-border { background: #f9edbe; border: 1px solid #f0c36d; font-size: 14px; text-align: center; max-width: 600px; border-radius: 3px; box-sizing: border-box; padding: 5px 10px; } .contact-form-cross { height: 11px; margin: 0 5px; vertical-align: -8.5%; width: 11px; } .contact-form-email, .contact-form-name { color: inherit; height: 40px; margin-top: 5px; max-width: 300px; width: 100%; padding: 0 15px; border-radius: 3px; border: 1px solid #cacaca; box-sizing: border-box; } .contact-form-email-message { color: inherit; margin-top: 5px; vertical-align: top; max-width: 600px; width: 100%; border-radius: 3px; border: 1px solid #cacaca; padding: 15px; } .contact-form-email:hover, .contact-form-name:hover, .contact-form-email-message:hover { outline: none; border: 1px solid $(body.link.color); } .contact-form-email:focus, .contact-form-name:focus, .contact-form-email-message:focus { outline: none; border: 1px solid $(body.link.color); } .contact-form-name, .contact-form-email, .contact-form-email-message { background: #f8f8f8; } .contact-form-button { display: block; font-size: 14px; line-height: 24px; padding: 5px 20px; margin: 30px 0; text-align: center; border: none; background: $(body.link.color); color: #fff; border-radius: 3px; font-weight: bold; } .contact-form-button:hover, .contact-form-button.hover { cursor: pointer; outline: none; opacity: .85; } .contact-form-button.focus, .contact-form-button.right.focus, .contact-form-button.mid.focus, .contact-form-button.left.focus { outline: none; } .contact-form-button-submit:focus, .contact-form-button-submit.focus { outline: none; opacity: .85; } .swajib { font-weight: bold; color: #e85e5e; } .ctitles { font-weight: bold; display: block; margin: 30px 0 0; } /* COMMENT FORM */ #comments-block { margin: 15px 0; } #comments-block .comment-author { border-radius: 4px 4px 0 0; background: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.03); padding: 15px 15px 0; } #comments-block .comment-body { background: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.03); padding: 30px 15px 25px; margin: 0 0; } #comments-block .comment-body p { margin: 0; } #comments-block .comment-footer { border-radius: 0 0 4px 4px; background: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.03); padding: 0 15px 15px; margin: 0 0 20px; font-size: 0.88rem; } #comments-block .avatar-image-container { display: inline-block; margin-right: 4px; margin-bottom: -10px; background: #888; border-radius: 17px; } #comments-block .avatar-image-container img { display: block; } #comments-block .comment-footer a { } p.comment-footer { display: inline-block; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; } h4#comment-post-message { display: none; margin: 0 0 0 0; } .comments{ clear: both; margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 0 } .comments .comments-content{ font-size: 14px; margin-bottom: 30px } .comments .comments-content .comment-thread ol{ text-align: left; margin: 13px 0; padding: 0; list-style: none; } .comment .avatar-image-container { background: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.03); border-radius: 20px; float: left; max-height: 36px; overflow: hidden; width: 36px; height: 36px; background-repeat: no-repeat; background-position: 8px 7px; } .comments .avatar-image-container img { max-width: 36px; border-radius: 17px; } .comments .comment-block { background: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.03); position: relative; padding: 20px; margin-left: 45px; border-radius: 10px; word-break: break-word; } .comments .comments-content .comment-replies{ margin:10px 0; margin-left:45px } .comments .comments-content .comment-thread:empty{ display:none } .comments .comment-replybox-single { margin-left:45px; margin: 20px 0; } .comments .comments-content .comment{ margin-bottom:6px; padding:0 } .comments .comments-content .comment:first-child { padding:0; margin:0 } .comments .comments-content .comment:last-child { padding:0; margin:0 } .comments .comment-thread.inline-thread .comment, .comments .comment-thread.inline-thread .comment:last-child { margin:0px 0px 5px 14% } .comment .comment-thread.inline-thread .comment:nth-child(6) { margin:0px 0px 5px 12%; } .comment .comment-thread.inline-thread .comment:nth-child(5) { margin:0px 0px 5px 10%; } .comment .comment-thread.inline-thread .comment:nth-child(4) { margin:0px 0px 5px 8%; } .comment .comment-thread.inline-thread .comment:nth-child(3) { margin:0px 0px 5px 4%; } .comment .comment-thread.inline-thread .comment:nth-child(2) { margin:0px 0px 5px 2%; } .comment .comment-thread.inline-thread .comment:nth-child(1) { margin:0px 0px 5px 0; } .comments .comments-content .comment-thread{ margin:0; padding:0 } .comments .comments-content .inline-thread{ margin:0 } .comments .comments-content .icon.blog-author { display:inline; height: 18px; margin: 0 0 -4px 6px; width: 18px; } .comments .comments-content .icon.blog-author::after { content:"author"; background: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.36); color: #fff; padding: 2px 6px; border-radius: 10px; font-size: 11px; } .comments .comments-content .comment-header { font-size:14px; margin: 0 0 15px; } .comments .comments-content .comment-content { margin: 0 0 15px; text-align: left; line-height: 1.6; } .comments .comments-content .datetime { margin-left: 6px; } .comments .comments-content .datetime a { color: $(post.footer.color); } .comments .comments-content .user { font-weight: bold; font-style: normal; } .comments .comment .comment-actions a { display: inline-block; font-size: 13px; line-height: 15px; margin: 4px 8px 0 0; } .comments .continue a { display:inline-block; font-size:13px; padding: .5em; } .comments .comment .comment-actions a:hover, .comments .continue a:hover{ text-decoration:underline; } .pesan-komentar:not(:empty) { padding: 20px; background: #f9f9f9; margin-bottom: 30px; } .deleted-comment { font-style: italic; opacity: .5; } .comments .comments-content .loadmore { cursor: pointer; margin-top: 3em; max-height: 3em } .comments .comments-content .loadmore.loaded { max-height: 0; opacity: 0; overflow: hidden } .comments .thread-chrome.thread-collapsed { display: none } .comments .thread-toggle { display: inline-block } .comments .thread-toggle .thread-arrow { display: inline-block; height: 6px; margin: .3em; overflow: visible; padding-right: 4px; width: 7px } .comments .thread-expanded .thread-arrow { background: url("data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAcAAAAHCAYAAADEUlfTAAAAG0lEQVR42mNgwAfKy8v/48I4FeA0AacVDFQBAP9wJkE/KhUMAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC") no-repeat scroll 0 0 transparent } .comments .thread-collapsed .thread-arrow { background: url("data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAcAAAAHCAYAAADEUlfTAAAAJUlEQVR42mNgAILy8vL/DLgASBKnApgkVgXIkhgKiNKJ005s4gDLbCZBiSxfygAAAABJRU5ErkJggg==") no-repeat scroll 0 0 transparent } .comments .hidden { display: none } @media screen and (max-device-width:480px) { .comments .comments-content .comment-replies { margin-left: 0 } } /* MEDIA QUERY */ @media only screen and (max-width:1080px){ #wrapper { margin: 0 auto; } .footer-widget, #footer-navmenu-container { max-width: 100%; } #header-wrapper, .footer-widget .widget, #footer-navmenu-container { padding-left: 30px; padding-right: 30px; } .sticky-mobile { margin-right: 30px; } .search-icon { right: 30px; } } @media only screen and (max-width:800px){ #post-wrapper, #sidebar-wrapper { float:none; width:100%; max-width:100% } .post-container { padding: 0 0 20px 0; } #header-wrapper { padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; position: relative; } #wrapper { padding: 70px 20px 20px; } #cssmenu > ul > li > a { padding: 0px 20px; line-height: 42px; } .footer-widget .widget, #footer-navmenu-container { padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px; } .button { left: 20px; } .header { position: absolute; top: 0; left: 45px; right: 45px; z-index: 1; text-align: center; float: none; display: inline-block; max-width: 100%; margin-right: 0; } .header img { display: inline-block !important; } .search-icon { right: 20px; } } @media only screen and (max-width:640px){ #wrapper { padding: 70px 15px 15px; } #cssmenu > ul > li > a { padding: 0 15px; } .footer-widget .widget, #footer-navmenu-container { padding-left: 15px; padding-right: 15px; } .button { left: 15px; } #post-wrapper, #sidebar-wrapper { float:none; width:100%; max-width:100% } .search-icon { right: 15px; } } @media only screen and (max-width:480px){ #footer-navmenu ul li a { margin: 0px 8px; } ul.nav-social li { padding: 0px 8px; } .post-snippet { margin-top: 10px; } blockquote { margin-left:0; margin-right:0; } .post-body .baca-juga-wrap { margin: 1em 0 1em 0; max-width: 100%; } h1{font-size:170%} h2{font-size:150%} h3{font-size:130%} h4{font-size:120%} h5{font-size:110%} h6{font-size:100%} h2.post-title { font-size: 18px; } h1.post-title { font-size: 24px; } .post-body img.fullwidth { width: 100vw; margin: 0px -15px; max-width: 100vw; } .section:last-child .widget:last-child, .sidebar .widget, .sidebar-sticky .widget, .above-post-widget .widget, .bellow-header-widget .widget, #blog-pager { margin:0 0 20px; } .comments .comments-content .comment-replies{ margin-left:20px !important; } .comments .comment-block { padding: 15px !important; } .comment .comment-thread.inline-thread .comment { margin: 0 0 0 0 !important; } #searchfs input[type="search"] { font-size: 26px; } .FeaturedPost .post-summary, .bellow-header-widget { width: calc(100% + 30px); margin: 0px 0px 15px -15px; } .FeaturedPost .post-summary, .FeaturedPost .image{ border-radius: unset; } .FeaturedPost .post-summary h3 { font-size: 20px; margin: 0 10px; } .FeaturedPost .post-summary p { margin: 0 10px; } } /* Tombol Download */ .buttonDownload { border-radius: 3px; display: inline-block; position: relative; padding: 10px 25px; background-color: $(body.link.color); color: white !important; font-weight: bold; font-size: 0.9em; text-align: center; text-indent: 15px; transition:all 0.4s; -moz-transition:all 0.4s; -webkit-transition:all 0.4s; } .buttonDownload:hover { opacity: .85; } .buttonDownload::before, .buttonDownload::after { content: ' '; display: block; position: absolute; left: 15px; top: 52%; } .buttonDownload::before { width: 10px; height: 2px; border-style: solid; border-width: 0 2px 2px; } .buttonDownload::after { width: 0; height: 0; margin-left: 3px; margin-top: -7px; border-style: solid; border-width: 4px 4px 0 4px; border-color: transparent; border-top-color: inherit; animation: downloadArrow 2s linear infinite; animation-play-state: paused; } .buttonDownload:hover::after { animation-play-state: running; } @keyframes downloadArrow { 0% { margin-top: -7px; opacity: 1; } 0.001% { margin-top: -15px; opacity: 0; } 50% { opacity: 1; } 100% { margin-top: 0; opacity: 0; } } /* Skin for Blogger Tabbed Layout TOC */ .tabbed-toc { margin: 0 auto; background: $(header.background.kiri); background: linear-gradient(to bottom right, $(header.background.kiri), $(header.background.kanan)); position: relative; } .tabbed-toc .loading { display: block; padding: 2px 12px; color: $(navmenu.font.color); } .tabbed-toc ul, .tabbed-toc ol, .tabbed-toc li { margin: 0; padding: 0; list-style: none; } .tabbed-toc .toc-tabs { width: 20%; 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Cara Budidaya Kutu Air Daphnia Dan Moina Untuk Pakan Ikan Dengan Gampang

Cara Mudah Budidaya Kutu Air Daphnia Dan Moina Untuk Pakan Ikan Dengan Green Water


Kutu air lazimnya banyak digunakan untuk pakan benih ikan dan jenis ikan hias, seperti ikan cupang atau ikan guppy. Kandungan protein kutu air mampu meraih sekitar 66% dan lemak sekitar 6%. Sehingga kutu air sangat sesuai diberikan untuk benih ikan yang masih dalam tahap pertumbuhan. Banyak orang kini yang menjajal membudidayakan kutu air karena banyak orang yang memelihara ikan hias ataupun budidaya ikan yang mencari kutu air sebagi pakannya. Ada 2 jenis kutu air yang paling mudah dibudidayakan dan ketersediaan bibitnya banyak ialah daphnia dan moina. Keduanya merupakan jenis udang renik yang masuk dalam keluarga arthopoda, kelas crustacea dan ordo caldocera.


Jenis Kutu Air


a. Daphnia

Daphnia merupakan kutu air yang memiliki berbentuk lonjong agak pipih berukuran sekitar 1mm-5 mm, mempunyai warna tubuh cokelat kemerahan, pada bab kepala mempunyai 2 antena serta mempunyai ekor melancip. Di dalam bak, koloni kutu air daphnia terlihat mirip titik-titik merah yang mengambang bergerombol.

Daphnia ini banyak didapatkan di perairan air tawar. Tempat ideal untuk perkembangan daphnia yakni perairan yang bersuhu 26°C-30°C dengan pH 6,5 sampai 7,5.


Daphnia dapat meningkat biak secara seksual dan aseksual. Perkembangbiakan secara aseksual, daphnia akan menghasilkan telur yang mampu menetas tanpa perlu pembuahan. Perkembangbiakan secara seksual, daphnia jantan dan betina melaksanakan perkawinan untuk menghasilkan anak.


Daphnia mempunyai siklus hidup sekitar 34 hari dan mampu melahirkan anak setiap hari. Daphnia bertelur atau beranak dengan jumlah sekitar 39 ekor/hari. Pada jenis tertentu seperti daphnia magna mampu bertelur hingga 100 ekor.


b. Moina

Kutu air Moina berukuran sekitar 0,9mm-1,8 mm, mempunyai warna badan cokelat kemerahan, memiliki 10 rambut getar atau silia pada bagian perutnya , dan pada bagian punggung ditumbuhi rambut berangasan. Moina dapat ditemukan di seluruh perairan air tawar. Suhu perairan ideal untuk pertumbuhan moina yaitu sekitar 24°C-30°C dengan pH sekitar 6,5-7,5.


Moina dapat berkembangbiak secara aseksual dan seksual. Moina mempunyai siklus hidup yang lebih pendek dibanding daphnia ialah hanya sekitar 13 hari dengan kemampuan bereproduksi sekitar 32 ekor/hari.


Budidaya Kutu Air


Dalam budidaya kutu air daphnia dan moina menerima perlakukan yang serupa karena habitat hidup, jenis kuliner, dan tipe perkembangbiakan mereka relatif sama. Bibit kutu air daphnia dan moina bisa ditemukan di Balai Benih Ikan Air Tawar atau juga anda mampu mencari di perairan mirip danau, kolam, waduk, sawah atau parit.


Kutu air lazimnya hidup bergerombol mengambang di permukaan air, mempunyai warna coklat kemerahan. Maka untuk mengambil kutu air tersebut harus memakai jaring halus atau plankton net. Kutu air daphnia dan monia mampu dikembangbiakan dalam aneka macam media, mirip bak atau wadah fiber.


Kolam yang mau digunakan untuk budidaya kutu air ini sebaiknya bak tanah atau juga bak semen dengan dasar tanah dengan luas bak bergantung pada keperluan, tetapi semestinya tidak terlalu besar untuk memudahkan perawatan. Setelah bak jadi maka dasar bak perlu di kapur apalagi dulu, untuk menetralkan pH tanah dan menekan organisme pantogen. Berikut adalah tahapan- tahapannya:



  • Setelah kolam akhir dibuat, kolam dikeringkan apalagi dahulu dengan cara dijemur selama 2 atau 3 hari.

  • Kemudian lakukan pengapuran dengan takaran sekitar 1kg/m2 sampai 2 kg/m2.

  • Lalu tambahkan pupuk kandang (kotoran ayam) sebanyak 2 kg/m2 untuk menumbuhkan pakan plankton selaku masakan alami daphnia dan moina. Lalu biarkan selama 3 sampai 5 hari.

  • Kemudian genangi bak dengan air bersih sedalam 30 cm dan diamkan kembali selama 2 sampai 4 hari, maka air bak akan berubah menjadi cokelat kehijauan yang merupakan mengambarkan bahwa plankton dan tumbuhan renik yang lain telah meningkat dalam bak. Setelah itu, penuhi bak dengan air sampai ketinggian sekitar 50cm-60 cm dan bibit daphnia dan moina siap di tebar dalam bak.

  • Setelah satu ahad maka akan terlihat warna kemerahan di permukaan kolam yang menunjukan bahwa kutu air telah berkembang.

  • Perkembangbiakan kutu air daphnia dan moina akan mencapai puncak setelah 7 sampai 11 hari.

  • Pemanenan mampu dilaksanakan dengan mengambil kutu air dengan menggunakan jaring halus. Setelah pemanenan sebelum diberikan pada ikan kutu air dicuci dengan air bersih.


Demikian postingan pembahasan tentang”Cara Budidaya Kutu Air Daphnia Dan Moina Untuk Pakan Ikan Dengan Mudah“, agar berfaedah dan jangan lupa ikuti postingan kami selanjutnya. Sampai jumpa



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